Hypermobility syndrome
What is Hypermobility syndrome (HMS)?
Hypermobility syndrome (HMS) is characterized by excessive joint flexibility and other symptoms related to connective tissue disorders. People with HMS have joints that move beyond their expected range of motion, which can cause them to be more susceptible to dislocations, sprains, and other injuries. In addition to joint hypermobility, people with HMS may also experience chronic pain, fatigue, and difficulty with balance and coordination. HMS is often diagnosed based on a physical examination and may be further evaluated with imaging studies or genetic testing.
While there is no cure for HMS, treatment may involve physical therapy, pain management, and other supportive measures to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Symptoms
The symptoms of hypermobility syndrome (HMS) can vary widely from person to person, and some individuals may have few or no symptoms at all. However, some common symptoms associated with HMS may include the following:
Joint hypermobility
This is the primary symptom of HMS, and it refers to excessive joint flexibility that allows joints to move beyond their expected range of motion. This can increase the risk of dislocations, sprains, and other joint injuries.
Joint pain and stiffness
People with HMS may experience chronic pain and stiffness in their joints, particularly after exercise or prolonged periods of activity.
Fatigue
Many people with HMS report feeling tired or fatigued, even after adequate rest.
Digestive issues
HMS has been associated with various digestive issues, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, and acid reflux.
Skin and eye issues
Some people with HMS may have thin, easily bruised skin and poor wound healing. They may also be more prone to eye conditions such as myopia and glaucoma.
Coordination and balance issues
People with HMS may have difficulty with coordination and balance, which can increase the risk of falls and other injuries.
It’s important to note that not all individuals with HMS will experience all these symptoms, and some may have symptoms not listed here. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, you must talk to your healthcare provider for a proper evaluation and diagnosis.
Causes
While the exact cause of HMS remains unclear, it is believed to result from:
Connective Tissue Abnormalities:
Collagen defects leading to increased tissue laxity.
Genetic Factors:
Family history of hypermobility or related disorders.
Hormonal Influences:
Estrogen may exacerbate symptoms, especially in women during pregnancy or menstrual cycles.
Here’s an expanded guide with additional insights:
Diagnosis
A widely used tool to assess hypermobility based on the flexibility of joints such as:
Beighton Scoring System
- Elbows, knees, thumbs, pinkies, and spine.
- A score of 5 or more (out of 9) suggests hypermobility.
Additional Diagnostic Tools
- MRI/CT Scans: To detect structural abnormalities and joint instability.
- Genetic Testing: To rule out hereditary disorders like EDS.
Risk Factors
- Age: Symptoms often worsen with age due to cumulative joint stress.
- Gender: Women are more likely to be affected due to hormonal influences.
- Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of muscle strength to support hypermobile joints.
Is hypermobility syndrome the same as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
Hypermobility syndrome (HMS) and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are related conditions that share some similarities but are not precisely the same.
EDS is a group of genetic disorders that affect the connective tissues in the body, which can result in joint hypermobility, skin that is easily bruised and stretched, and other symptoms. There are several subtypes of EDS, each with its symptoms and genetic causes. Some subtypes of EDS are associated with more severe symptoms and complications than others.
HMS, on the other hand, is a condition characterized by joint hypermobility and other symptoms that are not caused by a specific genetic mutation. While some people with HMS may have a family history of hypermobility or other connective tissue disorders, most do not have a particular genetic mutation associated with their condition.
While joint hypermobility is a hallmark symptom of both HMS and EDS, people with EDS may experience a broader range of symptoms and complications, including skin and blood vessel issues, gastrointestinal problems, and cardiovascular issues.
In summary, while HMS and EDS share some similarities, they are not the same condition, and a proper diagnosis is vital for determining the appropriate treatment plan. If you suspect you may have either condition, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider specializing in connective tissue disorders for an accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment plan.
Functional Medicine Approach to HMS
What is the functional medicine approach to HMS?
The functional medicine approach to hypermobility syndrome (HMS) is a holistic approach that aims to identify and address the condition’s root causes. This approach recognizes that HMS is a complex condition with multiple underlying factors contributing to its development and progression. The functional medicine approach to HMS typically involves the following steps:
Comprehensive evaluation
A thorough evaluation is conducted to assess the patient's medical history, symptoms, and lifestyle factors. This evaluation may include laboratory tests, imaging studies, and other diagnostic tools to help identify underlying factors that may be contributing to the patient's condition.
Personalized treatment plan
Based on the evaluation results, a customized treatment plan addresses the patient's needs and goals. The treatment plan may include dietary and lifestyle modifications, targeted nutritional supplements, and other natural therapies to help manage symptoms and improve overall health and well-being.
Emphasis on prevention
Functional medicine strongly focuses on prevention, which involves identifying and addressing risk factors for the development and progression of HMS. This may include recommendations for stress management, exercise, and other lifestyle modifications to help reduce the risk of injury and other complications.
Collaborative approach
The functional medicine approach to HMS involves a collaborative approach between the patient and the healthcare provider. The healthcare provider works closely with the patient to develop a solid therapeutic relationship, essential for achieving optimal outcomes.
Overall, the functional medicine approach to HMS is a patient-centered, holistic approach that recognizes the complex nature of the condition and seeks to address its underlying causes through a personalized, integrative treatment plan.
Acupuncture for HMS
Acupuncture can be a vital component of HMS management by:
Regulating Pain Pathways:
Through endorphin release and nerve modulation.
Improving Autonomic Function:
Balancing the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Enhancing Circulation:
To support joint and muscle recovery.
Reducing Stress:
Which can exacerbate pain and autonomic symptoms.
How to Improve Your Overall Well-Being
Balanced Diet:
Prioritize nutrient-dense, anti-inflammatory foods.
Physical Therapy:
Focus on joint stabilization and muscle strengthening.
Hydration:
Maintain optimal hydration for joint and tissue health.
Mental Health Support:
Engage in mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, or support groups to manage chronic pain-related stress.
Regular Medical Follow-Up:
Monitor joint health and adjust treatments as needed.
Classic Treatment Options
1. Medications:
- NSAIDs: For pain and inflammation.
- Muscle Relaxants: To reduce muscle spasms.
- Antidepressants: For neuropathic pain and associated depression.
2. Physical Interventions:
- Orthotic Devices: Braces, splints, and shoe inserts for joint stabilization.
- Hydrotherapy: Aquatic exercises to improve strength with minimal joint strain.
- Massage Therapy: To relieve muscle tension and improve circulation.
3. Surgical Options:
In severe cases of joint instability or damage, surgical interventions may be necessary but are typically a last resort.
Conclusion
At Dao Integrated Health, we understand the challenges associated with hypermobility syndrome (HMS). We are dedicated to providing our patients with the highest quality care using a functional medicine approach. Our experienced practitioners work together to identify and address the root causes of HMS, developing personalized treatment plans that address each patient’s unique needs and goals. Our holistic approach to healthcare emphasizes the importance of prevention and lifestyle modifications to help manage symptoms and improve overall health and well-being. If you are experiencing symptoms of HMS or would like to learn more about our approach to this condition, don’t hesitate to get in touch with us today to schedule a consultation.
We look forward to partnering with you on your optimal health and wellness journey.